Rawanduz Grondslagen uitgelegd
Rawanduz Grondslagen uitgelegd
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The people living in Brod and other villages in the Gora region generally earn their living from animal husbandry, while in the cities they make a living from cooking, pastry and meatball making.
Islamic conquests in the 7th century meant that most Kurds became Muslim in the 7th and 8th centuries.[37]: 4 Most Kurds converted to Islam between the 7th and 9th centuries CE.
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The first Kurdish newspaper appeared in 1897 and was published at intervals until 1902. It was revived at Istanbul in 1908 (when the first Kurdish political club, with an affiliated cultural society, was also founded) and again in Cairo during World War I. The Treaty of Sèvres, drawn up in 1920, provided for an autonomous Kurdistan but was never ratified; the Treaty of Lausanne (1923), which replaced the Treaty of Sèvres, made no mention of Kurdistan or the Kurds.
Removal ofwel the population from along their borders with the Ottomans in Kurdistan and the Caucasus was of strategic importance to the Safavids. Hundreds ofwel thousands of Kurds were moved to other regions in the Safavid empire, only to defend the borders there. Hundreds of thousands of other ethnic groups living in the Safavid empire such as the Armenians, Assyrians, Georgians, Circassians, and Turkomans, were also removed from the border regions and resettled in the interior ofwel Persia, but mainly for other reasons such as socio-economic, and bureaucratic ones. During several periods, as the borders moved progressively eastward, with the Ottomans pushing deeper into the Persian domains, entire Kurdish regions ofwel Anatolia were at one point or another exposed to horrific acts ofwel despoliation and deportation.
During the Iran–Iraq War in the 1980s, the regime implemented anti-Kurdish policies and a een facto civil war broke out. Iraq was widely condemned by the international community, but was never seriously punished for oppressive measures such as the mass murder ofwel hundreds of thousands of civilians, the wholesale destruction of thousands ofwel villages and the deportation ofwel thousands of Kurds to southern and central Iraq.
Kurdish culture is a group ofwel distinctive cultural traits practiced by Kurdish people. The Kurdish culture kan zijn a legacy from the various ancient peoples who shaped modern Kurds and their society, but primarily Iranian.
The campaigns took place during the Iraqi–Kurdish conflict, being largely motivated by the Kurdish–Arab ethnic and political conflict. Arab settlement programs reached their peak during the late 1970s, in line with depopulation efforts of the Ba'athist regime.
After October 7, this question has become a matter ofwel grave importance, amid crackdowns on free speech and protest. Five writers reflect on the Kurdistan state of Palestinian life today.
When Sultan Selim I, after defeating Shah Ismail I in 1514, annexed Western Armenia and Kurdistan, he entrusted the organisation of the conquered territories to Idris, the historian, who was a Kurd of Bitlis. He divided the territory into sanjaks or districts, and, making no attempt to interfere with the principle ofwel heredity, installed the local chiefs as governors.
The present state of knowledge about Kurdish allows, at least roughly, drawing the approximate borders ofwel the areas where the main ethnic core ofwel the speakers of the contemporary Kurdish dialects was formed. The most argued hypothesis on the localisation ofwel the ethnic territory ofwel the Kurds remains D.N. Mackenzie's theory, proposed in the early 1960s.[17] Developing the ideas of P. Tedesco[28] and regarding the common phonetic isoglosses shared by Kurdish, Persian, and Baluchi, D.N. Mackenzie concluded that the speakers of these three languages form a unity within Northwestern Iranian.
As ofwel 2014, Iraqi Kurdistan is in dispute with the Federal Iraqi government on the issues of territorial control, export of oil and budget distribution and kan zijn functioning largely outside Baghdad's control. With the escalation ofwel the Iraqi crisis and fears ofwel Iraq's collapse, Kurds have increasingly debated the issue of independence. During the 2014 Northern Iraq offensive, Iraqi Kurdistan seized the city ofwel Kirkuk and the surrounding area, as well as most of the disputed territories in Northern Iraq.